Global Industry Classification Standard
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The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) is an industry taxonomy developed in 1999 by MSCI and Standard & Poor's (S&P) for use by the global financial community. The GICS structure consists of 11 sectors, 25 industry groups, 74 industries and 163 sub-industriescite-ref-mapbook-1-0[1] into which S&P has categorized all major public companies. The system is similar to ICB (Industry Classification Benchmark), a classification structure maintained by FTSE Group.
GICS is used as a basis for S&P and MSCI indexes used in the financial field which each company is assigned to a sub-industry, and to an industry, industry group, and sector, by its principal business activity. "GICS" is a registered trademark of McGraw Hill Financial and MSCI Inc.cite-ref-2[2]cite-ref-3[3]
Contents
• See also
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Classification
The classification is as follows:cite-ref-mapbook-1-1[1]
| Sector | Sector | Industry Group | Industry Group | Industry | Industry | Sub-Industry | Sub-Industry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101010 | Energy Equipment & Services | 10101010 | Oil & Gas Drilling |
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101010 | Energy Equipment & Services | 10101020 | Oil & Gas Equipment & Services |
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101020 | Oil , Gas & Consumable Fuels | 10102010 | Integrated Oil & Gas |
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101020 | Oil , Gas & Consumable Fuels | 10102020 | Oil & Gas Exploration & Production |
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101020 | Oil , Gas & Consumable Fuels | 10102030 | Oil & Gas Refining & Marketing |
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101020 | Oil , Gas & Consumable Fuels | 10102040 | Oil & Gas Storage & Transportation |
| 10 | Energy | 1010 | Energy | 101020 | Oil , Gas & Consumable Fuels | 10102050 | Coal & Consumable Fuels |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151010 | Chemicals | 15101010 | Commodity Chemicals |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151010 | Chemicals | 15101020 | Diversified Chemicals |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151010 | Chemicals | 15101030 | Fertilizers & Agricultural Chemicals |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151010 | Chemicals | 15101040 | Industrial Gases |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151010 | Chemicals | 15101050 | Specialty Chemicals |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151020 | Construction Materials | 15102010 | Construction Materials |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151030 | Containers & Packaging | 15103010 | Metal, Glass & Plastic Containers |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151030 | Containers & Packaging | 15103020 | Paper & Plastic Packaging Products & Materials |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104010 | Aluminum |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104020 | Diversified Metals & Mining |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104025 | Copper |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104030 | Gold |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104040 | Precious Metals & Minerals |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104045 | Silver |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151040 | Metals & Mining | 15104050 | Steel |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151050 | Paper & Forest Products | 15105010 | Forest Products |
| 15 | Materials | 1510 | Materials | 151050 | Paper & Forest Products | 15105020 | Paper Products |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201010 | Aerospace & Defense | 20101010 | Aerospace & Defense |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201020 | Building Products | 20102010 | Building Products |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201030 | Construction & Engineering | 20103010 | Construction & Engineering |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201040 | Electrical Equipment | 20104010 | Electrical Components & Equipment |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201040 | Electrical Equipment | 20104020 | Heavy Electrical Equipment |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201050 | Industrial Conglomerates | 20105010 | Industrial Conglomerates |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201060 | Machinery | 20106010 | Construction Machinery & Heavy Transportation Equipment |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201060 | Machinery | 20106015 | Agricultural & Farm Machinery |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201060 | Machinery | 20106020 | Industrial Machinery & Supplies & Components |
| 20 | Industrials | 2010 | Capital Goods | 201070 | Trading Companies & Distributors | 20107010 | Trading Companies & Distributors |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202010 | Commercial Services & Supplies | 20201010 | Commercial Printing |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202010 | Commercial Services & Supplies | 20201050 | Environmental & Facilities Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202010 | Commercial Services & Supplies | 20201060 | Office Services & Supplies |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202010 | Commercial Services & Supplies | 20201070 | Diversified Support Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202010 | Commercial Services & Supplies | 20201080 | Security & Alarm Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202020 | Professional Services | 20202010 | Human Resource & Employment Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202020 | Professional Services | 20202020 | Research & Consulting Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2020 | Commercial & Professional Services | 202020 | Professional Services | 20202030 | Data Processing & Outsourced Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203010 | Air Freight & Logistics | 20301010 | Air Freight & Logistics |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203020 | Passenger Airlines | 20302010 | Passenger Airlines |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203030 | Marine Transportation | 20303010 | Marine Transportation |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203040 | Ground Transportation | 20304010 | Rail Transportation |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203040 | Ground Transportation | 20304030 | Cargo Ground Transportation |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203040 | Ground Transportation | 20304040 | Passenger Ground Transportation |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203050 | Transportation Infrastructure | 20305010 | Airport Services |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203050 | Transportation Infrastructure | 20305020 | Highways & Railtracks |
| 20 | Industrials | 2030 | Transportation | 203050 | Transportation Infrastructure | 20305030 | Marine Ports & Services |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2510 | Automobiles & Components | 251010 | Automobile Components | 25101010 | Automotive Parts & Equipment |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2510 | Automobiles & Components | 251010 | Automobile Components | 25101020 | Tires & Rubber |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2510 | Automobiles & Components | 251020 | Automobiles | 25102010 | Automobile Manufacturers |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2510 | Automobiles & Components | 251020 | Automobiles | 25102020 | Motorcycle Manufacturers |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252010 | Household Durables | 25201010 | Consumer Electronics |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252010 | Household Durables | 25201020 | Home Furnishings |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252010 | Household Durables | 25201030 | Homebuilding |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252010 | Household Durables | 25201040 | Household Appliances |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252010 | Household Durables | 25201050 | Housewares & Specialties |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252020 | Leisure Products | 25202010 | Leisure Products |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252030 | Textiles , Apparel & Luxury Goods | 25203010 | Apparel , Accessories & Luxury Goods |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252030 | Textiles , Apparel & Luxury Goods | 25203020 | Footwear |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2520 | Consumer Durables & Apparel | 252030 | Textiles , Apparel & Luxury Goods | 25203030 | Textiles |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2530 | Consumer Services | 253010 | Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure | 25301010 | Casinos & Gaming |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2530 | Consumer Services | 253010 | Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure | 25301020 | Hotels , Resorts & Cruise Lines |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2530 | Consumer Services | 253010 | Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure | 25301030 | Leisure Facilities |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2530 | Consumer Services | 253010 | Hotels, Restaurants & Leisure | 25301040 | Restaurants |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2530 | Consumer Services | 253020 | Diversified Consumer Services | 25302010 | Education Services |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2530 | Consumer Services | 253020 | Diversified Consumer Services | 25302020 | Specialized Consumer Services |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255010 | Distributors | 25501010 | Distributors |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255030 | Broadline Retail | 25503030 | Broadline Retail |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255040 | Specialty Retail | 25504010 | Apparel Retail |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255040 | Specialty Retail | 25504020 | Computer & Electronics Retail |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255040 | Specialty Retail | 25504030 | Home Improvement Retail |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255040 | Specialty Retail | 25504040 | Other Specialty Retail |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255040 | Specialty Retail | 25504050 | Automotive Retail |
| 25 | Consumer Discretionary | 2550 | Consumer Discretionary Distribution & Retail | 255040 | Specialty Retail | 25504060 | Homefurnishing Retail |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 301010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 30101010 | Drug Retail |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 301010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 30101020 | Food Distributors |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 301010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 30101030 | Food Retail |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 301010 | Consumer Staples Distribution & Retail | 30101040 | Consumer Staples Merchandise Retail |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3020 | Food, Beverage & Tobacco | 302010 | Beverages | 30201010 | Brewers |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3020 | Food, Beverage & Tobacco | 302010 | Beverages | 30201020 | Distillers & Vintners |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3020 | Food, Beverage & Tobacco | 302010 | Beverages | 30201030 | Soft Drinks & Non-alcoholic Beverages |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3020 | Food, Beverage & Tobacco | 302020 | Food Products | 30202010 | Agricultural Products & Services |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3020 | Food, Beverage & Tobacco | 302020 | Food Products | 30202030 | Packaged Foods & Meats |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3020 | Food, Beverage & Tobacco | 302030 | Tobacco | 30203010 | Tobacco |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3030 | Household & Personal Products | 303010 | Household Products | 30301010 | Household Products |
| 30 | Consumer Staples | 3030 | Household & Personal Products | 303020 | Personal Care Products | 30302010 | Personal Care Products |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351010 | Health Care Equipment & Supplies | 35101010 | Health Care Equipment |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351010 | Health Care Equipment & Supplies | 35101020 | Health Care Supplies |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351020 | Health Care Providers & Services | 35102010 | Health Care Distributors |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351020 | Health Care Providers & Services | 35102015 | Health Care Services |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351020 | Health Care Providers & Services | 35102020 | Health Care Facilities |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351020 | Health Care Providers & Services | 35102030 | Managed Health Care |
| 35 | Health Care | 3510 | Health Care Equipment & Services | 351030 | Health Care Technology | 35103010 | Health Care Technology |
| 35 | Health Care | 3520 | Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences | 352010 | Biotechnology | 35201010 | Biotechnology |
| 35 | Health Care | 3520 | Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences | 352020 | Pharmaceuticals | 35202010 | Pharmaceuticals |
| 35 | Health Care | 3520 | Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology & Life Sciences | 352030 | Life Sciences Tools & Services | 35203010 | Life Sciences Tools & Services |
| 40 | Financials | 4010 | Banks | 401010 | Banks | 40101010 | Diversified Banks |
| 40 | Financials | 4010 | Banks | 401010 | Banks | 40101015 | Regional Banks |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402010 | Financial Services | 40201020 | Diversified Financial Services |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402010 | Financial Services | 40201030 | Multi-Sector Holdings |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402010 | Financial Services | 40201040 | Specialized Finance |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402010 | Financial Services | 40201050 | Commercial & Residential Mortgage Finance |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402010 | Financial Services | 40201060 | Transaction & Payment Processing Services |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402020 | Consumer Finance | 40202010 | Consumer Finance |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402030 | Capital Markets | 40203010 | Asset Management & Custody Banks |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402030 | Capital Markets | 40203020 | Investment Banking & Brokerage |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402030 | Capital Markets | 40203030 | Diversified Capital Markets |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402030 | Capital Markets | 40203040 | Financial Exchanges & Data |
| 40 | Financials | 4020 | Financial Services | 402040 | Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 40204010 | Mortgage REITs |
| 40 | Financials | 4030 | Insurance | 403010 | Insurance | 40301010 | Insurance Brokers |
| 40 | Financials | 4030 | Insurance | 403010 | Insurance | 40301020 | Life & Health Insurance |
| 40 | Financials | 4030 | Insurance | 403010 | Insurance | 40301030 | Multi-line Insurance |
| 40 | Financials | 4030 | Insurance | 403010 | Insurance | 40301040 | Property & Casualty Insurance |
| 40 | Financials | 4030 | Insurance | 403010 | Insurance | 40301050 | Reinsurance |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4510 | Software & Services | | | | |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4510 | Software & Services | 451020 | IT Services | 45102010 | IT Consulting & Other Services |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4510 | Software & Services | 451020 | IT Services | 45102030 | Internet Services & Infrastructure |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4510 | Software & Services | 451030 | Software | 45103010 | Application Software |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4510 | Software & Services | 451030 | Software | 45103020 | Systems Software |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4520 | Technology Hardware & Equipment | 452010 | Communications Equipment | 45201020 | Communications Equipment |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4520 | Technology Hardware & Equipment | 452020 | Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals | 45202030 | Technology Hardware, Storage & Peripherals |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4520 | Technology Hardware & Equipment | 452030 | Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components | 45203010 | Electronic Equipment & Instruments |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4520 | Technology Hardware & Equipment | 452030 | Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components | 45203015 | Electronic Components |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4520 | Technology Hardware & Equipment | 452030 | Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components | 45203020 | Electronic Manufacturing Services |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4520 | Technology Hardware & Equipment | 452030 | Electronic Equipment, Instruments & Components | 45203030 | Technology Distributors |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4530 | Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment | 453010 | Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment | 45301010 | Semiconductor Materials & Equipment |
| 45 | Information Technology | 4530 | Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment | 453010 | Semiconductors & Semiconductor Equipment | 45301020 | Semiconductors |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5010 | Telecommunication Services | 501010 | Diversified Telecommunication Services | 50101010 | Alternative Carriers |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5010 | Telecommunication Services | 501010 | Diversified Telecommunication Services | 50101020 | Integrated Telecommunication Services |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5010 | Telecommunication Services | 501020 | Wireless Telecommunication Services | 50102010 | Wireless Telecommunication Services |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502010 | Media | 50201010 | Advertising |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502010 | Media | 50201020 | Broadcasting |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502010 | Media | 50201030 | Cable & Satellite |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502010 | Media | 50201040 | Publishing |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502020 | Entertainment | 50202010 | Movies & Entertainment |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502020 | Entertainment | 50202020 | Interactive Home Entertainment |
| 50 | Communication Services | 5020 | Media & Entertainment | 502030 | Interactive Media & Services | 50203010 | Interactive Media & Services |
| 55 | Utilities | 5510 | Utilities | 551010 | Electric Utilities | 55101010 | Electric Utilities |
| 55 | Utilities | 5510 | Utilities | 551020 | Gas Utilities | 55102010 | Gas Utilities |
| 55 | Utilities | 5510 | Utilities | 551030 | Multi-Utilities | 55103010 | Multi-Utilities |
| 55 | Utilities | 5510 | Utilities | 551040 | Water Utilities | 55104010 | Water Utilities |
| 55 | Utilities | 5510 | Utilities | 551050 | Independent Power and Renewable Electricity Producers | 55105010 | Independent Power Producers & Energy Traders |
| 55 | Utilities | 5510 | Utilities | 551050 | Independent Power and Renewable Electricity Producers | 55105020 | Renewable Electricity |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601010 | Diversified REITs | 60101010 | Diversified REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601025 | Industrial REITs | 60102510 | Industrial REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601030 | Hotel & Resort REITs | 60103010 | Hotel & Resort REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601040 | Office REITs | 60104010 | Office REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601050 | Health Care REITs | 60105010 | Health Care REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601060 | Residential REITs | 60106010 | Multi-Family Residential REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601060 | Residential REITs | 60106020 | Single-Family Residential REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601070 | Retail REITs | 60107010 | Retail REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601080 | Specialized REITs | 60108010 | Other Specialized REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601080 | Specialized REITs | 60108020 | Self-Storage REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601080 | Specialized REITs | 60108030 | Telecom Tower REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601080 | Specialized REITs | 60108040 | Timber REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6010 | Equity Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) | 601080 | Specialized REITs | 60108050 | Data Center REITs |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6020 | Real Estate Management & Development | 602010 | Real Estate Management & Development | 60201010 | Diversified Real Estate Activities |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6020 | Real Estate Management & Development | 602010 | Real Estate Management & Development | 60201020 | Real Estate Operating Companies |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6020 | Real Estate Management & Development | 602010 | Real Estate Management & Development | 60201030 | Real Estate Development |
| 60 | Real Estate | 6020 | Real Estate Management & Development | 602010 | Real Estate Management & Development | 60201040 | Real Estate Services |
Per the MSCI World index, Information Technology is the biggest sector, with 22% of world capitalisation.
Revisions
The classification standard is regularly updated by S&P Dow Jones Indices and MSCI. Numerous changes over the years have resulted in the addition, deletion, or redefinition of various sub-industries, industries, or industry groups.cite-ref-4[4] Since 1999, there have been two revisions at the sector level:
• In 2018, the telecommunication services sector was renamed communication services. The sector was expanded to include media and entertainment companies previously in the consumer discretionary sector, as well as interactive media and services companies from the information technology sector.cite-ref-gics2018-6-0[6]
• In March 2023, several revisions were made. cite-ref-gics2023-7-0[7]
See also
References
cite-note-mapbook-11. ↑ "The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS®)". Retrieved 2023-03-21.
cite-note-22. ↑ "MSCI-Barra GICS Tables". Archived from the original on 2014-03-26. Retrieved 2013-02-10.
cite-note-33. ↑ "MSCI-Barra GICS Sector Definitions". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-26. Retrieved 2013-02-10.
cite-note-44. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-11. Retrieved 2015-01-25.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
cite-note-55. ↑ "S&P Dow Jones Indices and MSCI Announce Further Revisions to the Global Industry Classification Standard Structure in 2016" (pdf). Retrieved 28 Dec 2018.
cite-note-gics2018-66. ↑ "Revisions to the Global Industry Classification Standard Structure in 2018" (pdf). Retrieved 28 Dec 2018.
cite-note-gics2023-77. ↑ "REVISIONS TO THE GLOBAL INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION STANDARD (GICS®) STRUCTURE EFFECTIVE MARCH, 2023" (pdf). Retrieved 21 Mar 2023.